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e( `, n e( d6 Z. e( d7 Z- [$ [( e/ d8 Z0 d e& f d9 YZ1 e2 d: Z3 e i4 i5 e1 g Z6 e1 i7 i8 D]! Z9 e9 i: d; o e6 e9 n q[6 Z; x8 e; D]0 Z9 e9 d< i< Z= e> e= Z? e9 e1 i@ e? YZA d e& f d? YZB d@ e& f dA YZC dB dC ZD h dD dE 6dF dG 6dH dI 6dH dJ 6d< dK 6d< dL 6d< dM 6d< dN 6dB dO 6dB dP 6dB dQ 6dB dR 6dB dS 6dB dT 6dB dU 6dB dV 6dW ZE dX ZF dY ZG dZ ZH d[ d\ ZI d] ZJ d^ ZK d_ e& f d` YZL eL iM ZN d[ da ZO db ZP dc ZQ h dd dG 6de dI 6df dJ 6dg dK 6dh dL 6di dM 6dj dN 6dk dO 6dl dP 6dm ZR e2 dn ZS eB do dp dq e
dr e e e g ds g dt du dv dw dx d< ZT eB do dy dq e dr e e e e e! g ds g ZU eB do dy dq e
dr g ds g ZV d d kW ZW eW iX dz eW iY eW iZ BeW i[ B i\ Z] eW iX d{ i\ Z^ eW iX d| i\ Z_ eW iX d} eW iY Z` [W d~ Za d Zb e1 d Zc e1 d Zd e1 d Ze e1 dB Zf e1 d< Zg e1 d Zh ec ed f Zi ej d j o0 d d kk Zk d d k% Z% ek il e% im ej n d S( s
This is a Py2.3 implementation of decimal floating point arithmetic based on
the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification:
www2.hursley.ibm.com/decimal/decarith.html
and IEEE standard 854-1987:
www.cs.berkeley.edu/~ejr/projects/754/private/drafts/854-1987/dir.html
Decimal floating point has finite precision with arbitrarily large bounds.
The purpose of this module is to support arithmetic using familiar
"schoolhouse" rules and to avoid some of the tricky representation
issues associated with binary floating point. The package is especially
useful for financial applications or for contexts where users have
expectations that are at odds with binary floating point (for instance,
in binary floating point, 1.00 % 0.1 gives 0.09999999999999995 instead
of the expected Decimal('0.00') returned by decimal floating point).
Here are some examples of using the decimal module:
>>> from decimal import *
>>> setcontext(ExtendedContext)
>>> Decimal(0)
Decimal('0')
>>> Decimal('1')
Decimal('1')
>>> Decimal('-.0123')
Decimal('-0.0123')
>>> Decimal(123456)
Decimal('123456')
>>> Decimal('123.45e12345678901234567890')
Decimal('1.2345E+12345678901234567892')
>>> Decimal('1.33') + Decimal('1.27')
Decimal('2.60')
>>> Decimal('12.34') + Decimal('3.87') - Decimal('18.41')
Decimal('-2.20')
>>> dig = Decimal(1)
>>> print dig / Decimal(3)
0.333333333
>>> getcontext().prec = 18
>>> print dig / Decimal(3)
0.333333333333333333
>>> print dig.sqrt()
1
>>> print Decimal(3).sqrt()
1.73205080756887729
>>> print Decimal(3) ** 123
4.85192780976896427E+58
>>> inf = Decimal(1) / Decimal(0)
>>> print inf
Infinity
>>> neginf = Decimal(-1) / Decimal(0)
>>> print neginf
-Infinity
>>> print neginf + inf
NaN
>>> print neginf * inf
-Infinity
>>> print dig / 0
Infinity
>>> getcontext().traps[DivisionByZero] = 1
>>> print dig / 0
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
...
...
DivisionByZero: x / 0
>>> c = Context()
>>> c.traps[InvalidOperation] = 0
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
0
>>> c.divide(Decimal(0), Decimal(0))
Decimal('NaN')
>>> c.traps[InvalidOperation] = 1
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
1
>>> c.flags[InvalidOperation] = 0
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
0
>>> print c.divide(Decimal(0), Decimal(0))
Traceback (most recent call last):
...
...
...
InvalidOperation: 0 / 0
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
1
>>> c.flags[InvalidOperation] = 0
>>> c.traps[InvalidOperation] = 0
>>> print c.divide(Decimal(0), Decimal(0))
NaN
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
1
>>>
t Decimalt Contextt DefaultContextt BasicContextt ExtendedContextt DecimalExceptiont Clampedt InvalidOperationt DivisionByZerot Inexactt Roundedt Subnormalt Overflowt Underflowt
ROUND_DOWNt
ROUND_HALF_UPt ROUND_HALF_EVENt
ROUND_CEILINGt ROUND_FLOORt ROUND_UPt ROUND_HALF_DOWNt
ROUND_05UPt
setcontextt
getcontextt localcontextiN( t
namedtuplet DecimalTuples sign digits exponentc G s | S( ( ( t args( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt s c B s e Z d Z d Z RS( s1 Base exception class.
Used exceptions derive from this.
If an exception derives from another exception besides this (such as
Underflow (Inexact, Rounded, Subnormal) that indicates that it is only
called if the others are present. This isn't actually used for
anything, though.
handle -- Called when context._raise_error is called and the
trap_enabler is not set. First argument is self, second is the
context. More arguments can be given, those being after
the explanation in _raise_error (For example,
context._raise_error(NewError, '(-x)!', self._sign) would
call NewError().handle(context, self._sign).)
To define a new exception, it should be sufficient to have it derive
from DecimalException.
c G s d S( N( ( t selft contextR ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt handle s ( t __name__t
__module__t __doc__R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c B s e Z d Z RS( s) Exponent of a 0 changed to fit bounds.
This occurs and signals clamped if the exponent of a result has been
altered in order to fit the constraints of a specific concrete
representation. This may occur when the exponent of a zero result would
be outside the bounds of a representation, or when a large normal
number would have an encoded exponent that cannot be represented. In
this latter case, the exponent is reduced to fit and the corresponding
number of zero digits are appended to the coefficient ("fold-down").
( R R! R" ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s
c B s e Z d Z d Z RS( s0 An invalid operation was performed.
Various bad things cause this:
Something creates a signaling NaN
-INF + INF
0 * (+-)INF
(+-)INF / (+-)INF
x % 0
(+-)INF % x
x._rescale( non-integer )
sqrt(-x) , x > 0
0 ** 0
x ** (non-integer)
x ** (+-)INF
An operand is invalid
The result of the operation after these is a quiet positive NaN,
except when the cause is a signaling NaN, in which case the result is
also a quiet NaN, but with the original sign, and an optional
diagnostic information.
c G s< | o1 t | d i | d i d t } | i | St S( Ni t n( t _dec_from_triplet _signt _intt Truet _fix_nant _NaN( R R R t ans( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s #( R R! R" R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s t ConversionSyntaxc B s e Z d Z d Z RS( s Trying to convert badly formed string.
This occurs and signals invalid-operation if an string is being
converted to a number and it does not conform to the numeric string
syntax. The result is [0,qNaN].
c G s t S( N( R) ( R R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s ( R R! R" R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR+ s c B s e Z d Z d Z RS( s Division by 0.
This occurs and signals division-by-zero if division of a finite number
by zero was attempted (during a divide-integer or divide operation, or a
power operation with negative right-hand operand), and the dividend was
not zero.
The result of the operation is [sign,inf], where sign is the exclusive
or of the signs of the operands for divide, or is 1 for an odd power of
-0, for power.
c G s t | S( N( t _SignedInfinity( R R t signR ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s ( R R! R" R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s t DivisionImpossiblec B s e Z d Z d Z RS( s Cannot perform the division adequately.
This occurs and signals invalid-operation if the integer result of a
divide-integer or remainder operation had too many digits (would be
longer than precision). The result is [0,qNaN].
c G s t S( N( R) ( R R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s ( R R! R" R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR. s t DivisionUndefinedc B s e Z d Z d Z RS( s Undefined result of division.
This occurs and signals invalid-operation if division by zero was
attempted (during a divide-integer, divide, or remainder operation), and
the dividend is also zero. The result is [0,qNaN].
c G s t S( N( R) ( R R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s ( R R! R" R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR/ s c B s e Z d Z RS( s Had to round, losing information.
This occurs and signals inexact whenever the result of an operation is
not exact (that is, it needed to be rounded and any discarded digits
were non-zero), or if an overflow or underflow condition occurs. The
result in all cases is unchanged.
The inexact signal may be tested (or trapped) to determine if a given
operation (or sequence of operations) was inexact.
( R R! R" ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s
t InvalidContextc B s e Z d Z d Z RS( s Invalid context. Unknown rounding, for example.
This occurs and signals invalid-operation if an invalid context was
detected during an operation. This can occur if contexts are not checked
on creation and either the precision exceeds the capability of the
underlying concrete representation or an unknown or unsupported rounding
was specified. These aspects of the context need only be checked when
the values are required to be used. The result is [0,qNaN].
c G s t S( N( R) ( R R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR % s ( R R! R" R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR0 s c B s e Z d Z RS( s Number got rounded (not necessarily changed during rounding).
This occurs and signals rounded whenever the result of an operation is
rounded (that is, some zero or non-zero digits were discarded from the
coefficient), or if an overflow or underflow condition occurs. The
result in all cases is unchanged.
The rounded signal may be tested (or trapped) to determine if a given
operation (or sequence of operations) caused a loss of precision.
( R R! R" ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR
( s
c B s e Z d Z RS( s Exponent < Emin before rounding.
This occurs and signals subnormal whenever the result of a conversion or
operation is subnormal (that is, its adjusted exponent is less than
Emin, before any rounding). The result in all cases is unchanged.
The subnormal signal may be tested (or trapped) to determine if a given
or operation (or sequence of operations) yielded a subnormal result.
( R R! R" ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR 4 s c B s e Z d Z d Z RS( s Numerical overflow.
This occurs and signals overflow if the adjusted exponent of a result
(from a conversion or from an operation that is not an attempt to divide
by zero), after rounding, would be greater than the largest value that
can be handled by the implementation (the value Emax).
The result depends on the rounding mode:
For round-half-up and round-half-even (and for round-half-down and
round-up, if implemented), the result of the operation is [sign,inf],
where sign is the sign of the intermediate result. For round-down, the
result is the largest finite number that can be represented in the
current precision, with the sign of the intermediate result. For
round-ceiling, the result is the same as for round-down if the sign of
the intermediate result is 1, or is [0,inf] otherwise. For round-floor,
the result is the same as for round-down if the sign of the intermediate
result is 0, or is [1,inf] otherwise. In all cases, Inexact and Rounded
will also be raised.
c G s | i t t t t f j o t | S| d j o? | i t j o t | St | d | i | i | i d S| d j o? | i t
j o t | St | d | i | i | i d Sd S( Ni t 9i ( t roundingR R R R R, R R$ t prect EmaxR ( R R R- R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR U s
( R R! R" R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR ? s c B s e Z d Z RS( sx Numerical underflow with result rounded to 0.
This occurs and signals underflow if a result is inexact and the
adjusted exponent of the result would be smaller (more negative) than
the smallest value that can be handled by the implementation (the value
Emin). That is, the result is both inexact and subnormal.
The result after an underflow will be a subnormal number rounded, if
necessary, so that its exponent is not less than Etiny. This may result
in 0 with the sign of the intermediate result and an exponent of Etiny.
In all cases, Inexact, Rounded, and Subnormal will also be raised.
( R R! R" ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR
e s
t
MockThreadingc B s e Z e d Z RS( c C s | i t S( N( t modulesR ( R t sys( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt local s ( R R! R7 R8 ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR5 s t __decimal_context__c C sC | t t t f j o | i } | i n | t i _ d S( s% Set this thread's context to context.N( R R R t copyt clear_flagst threadingt
currentThreadR9 ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C sD y t i i SWn, t j
o t } | t i _ | SXd S( s Returns this thread's context.
If this thread does not yet have a context, returns
a new context and sets this thread's context.
New contexts are copies of DefaultContext.
N( R< R= R9 t AttributeErrorR ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s8 y | i SWn& t j
o t } | | _ | SXd S( s Returns this thread's context.
If this thread does not yet have a context, returns
a new context and sets this thread's context.
New contexts are copies of DefaultContext.
N( R9 R> R ( t _localR ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s= | t t t f j o | i } | i n | | _ d S( s% Set this thread's context to context.N( R R R R: R; R9 ( R R? ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s$ | d j o
t } n t | S( s^ Return a context manager for a copy of the supplied context
Uses a copy of the current context if no context is specified
The returned context manager creates a local decimal context
in a with statement:
def sin(x):
with localcontext() as ctx:
ctx.prec += 2
# Rest of sin calculation algorithm
# uses a precision 2 greater than normal
return +s # Convert result to normal precision
def sin(x):
with localcontext(ExtendedContext):
# Rest of sin calculation algorithm
# uses the Extended Context from the
# General Decimal Arithmetic Specification
return +s # Convert result to normal context
>>> setcontext(DefaultContext)
>>> print getcontext().prec
28
>>> with localcontext():
... ctx = getcontext()
... ctx.prec += 2
... print ctx.prec
...
30
>>> with localcontext(ExtendedContext):
... print getcontext().prec
...
9
>>> print getcontext().prec
28
N( t NoneR t _ContextManager( t ctx( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s $
c B s! e Z d Z dx Z d dy d Z d Z d Z dy dy d Z d
Z d Z
d Z d
Z d Z
dy d Z dy d Z dy d Z dy d Z dy d Z d Z d Z d Z e dy d Z dy d Z dy d Z dy d Z e dy d Z dy d Z e Z dy d Z dy d Z dy d Z! e! Z" dy d Z# d! Z$ dy d" Z% e# Z& e% Z' dy d# Z( dy d$ Z) dy d% Z* dy d& Z+ dy d' Z, dy d( Z- dy d) Z. d* Z/ d+ Z0 e0 Z1 d, Z2 e3 e2 Z2 d- Z4 e3 e4 Z4 d. Z5 d/ Z6 d0 Z7 d1 Z8 d2 Z9 h Z: d3 Z; d4 Z< d5 Z= d6 Z> d7 Z? d8 Z@ d9 ZA d: ZB dy d; ZC dy d< ZD d= ZE dy dy d> ZF dy d? ZG dy d@ ZH dy dy e dA ZI dB ZJ dC ZK dD ZL dy dy dE ZM dy dy dF ZN eN ZO dy dG ZP dy dH ZQ dy dI ZR dJ ZS dK ZT dL ZU dy dM ZV dy dN ZW dO ZX dP ZY dQ ZZ dR Z[ dS Z\ dy dT Z] dU Z^ dV Z_ dW Z` dX Za dy dY Zb dZ Zc d[ Zd d\ Ze dy d] Zf d^ Zg d_ Zh dy d` Zi da Zj dy db Zk dy dc Zl dd Zm de Zn dy df Zo dy dg Zp dy dh Zq dy di Zr dy dj Zs dy dk Zt dy dl Zu dy dm Zv dy dn Zw dy do Zx dp Zy dy dq Zz dy dr Z{ dy ds Z| dt Z} du Z~ dv Z dy dw Z RS(z s, Floating point class for decimal arithmetic.t _expR& R% t _is_specialt 0c C s t i | } t | t ot | i } | d j o/ | d j o
t } n | i t d | S| i
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t | | _ t | _ | St | t o5 | i | _ | i | _ | i | _ | i | _ | St | t o> | i | _ t
| i | _ t | i | _ t | _ | St | t t f ot | d j o t d n t | d t t f o | d d j p t d n | d | _ | d d j o# d
| _ | d | _ t | _ n0g } x{ | d D]o }
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| | _ | d | _ t | _ nf t | d t t f o? d i t t
| p d g | _ | d | _ t | _ n
t d | St | t! o t" d d n t" d | d S( s Create a decimal point instance.
>>> Decimal('3.14') # string input
Decimal('3.14')
>>> Decimal((0, (3, 1, 4), -2)) # tuple (sign, digit_tuple, exponent)
Decimal('3.14')
>>> Decimal(314) # int or long
Decimal('314')
>>> Decimal(Decimal(314)) # another decimal instance
Decimal('314')
>>> Decimal(' 3.14 \n') # leading and trailing whitespace okay
Decimal('3.14')
s Invalid literal for Decimal: %rR- t -i i t intt fract t expRE t diagt signalt NR# t Fi st Invalid tuple size in creation of Decimal from list or tuple. The list or tuple should have exactly three elements.s| Invalid sign. The first value in the tuple should be an integer; either 0 for a positive number or 1 for a negative number.i i sT The second value in the tuple must be composed of integers in the range 0 through 9.sU The third value in the tuple must be an integer, or one of the strings 'F', 'n', 'N'.s" Cannot convert float to Decimal. s# First convert the float to a strings Cannot convert %r to DecimalN( i i ( R# RM (# t objectt __new__t
isinstancet
basestringt _parsert stripR@ R t _raise_errorR+ t groupR% RG t strR& t lenRC t FalseRD t lstripR' t longt absR t _WorkRepR- RJ t listt tuplet
ValueErrort appendt joint mapt floatt TypeError( t clst valueR R t mt intpartt fracpartRJ RK t digitst digit( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRP s
%
+
4
%
c C s? | i o1 | i } | d j o d S| d j o d Sn d S( sr Returns whether the number is not actually one.
0 if a number
1 if NaN
2 if sNaN
R# i RM i i ( RD RC ( R RJ ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _isnan s
c C s( | i d j o | i o d Sd Sd S( sy Returns whether the number is infinite
0 if finite or not a number
1 if +INF
-1 if -INF
RN ii i ( RC R% ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _isinfinity s
c C s | i } | d j o
t } n
| i } | p | o | d j o
t } n | d j o | i t d | S| d j o | i t d | S| o | i | S| i | Sd S( s Returns whether the number is not actually one.
if self, other are sNaN, signal
if self, other are NaN return nan
return 0
Done before operations.
i t sNaNi N( Rm R@ RY R RU R R( ( R t otherR t self_is_nant other_is_nan( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _check_nans s"
c C s | d j o
t } n | i p
| i o | i o | i t d | S| i o | i t d | S| i o | i t d | S| i o | i t d | Sn d S( sC Version of _check_nans used for the signaling comparisons
compare_signal, __le__, __lt__, __ge__, __gt__.
Signal InvalidOperation if either self or other is a (quiet
or signaling) NaN. Signaling NaNs take precedence over quiet
NaNs.
Return 0 if neither operand is a NaN.
s comparison involving sNaNs comparison involving NaNi N( R@ R RD t is_snanRU R t is_qnan( R Rp R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _compare_check_nans s(
c C s | i p
| i d j S( su Return True if self is nonzero; otherwise return False.
NaNs and infinities are considered nonzero.
RE ( RD R& ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __nonzero__ s c C s} | i p
| i oD | i } | i } | | j o d S| | j o d Sd Sn | p | p d Sd | i Sn | p d | i S| i | i j o d S| i | i j o d S| i } | i } | | j oq | i d | i | i } | i d | i | i } | | j o d S| | j o
d | i Sd | i Sn& | | j o d | i Sd | i Sd S( s Compare the two non-NaN decimal instances self and other.
Returns -1 if self < other, 0 if self == other and 1
if self > other. This routine is for internal use only.i ii RE N( RD Rn R% t adjustedR& RC ( R Rp t self_inft other_inft
self_adjustedt other_adjustedt self_paddedt other_padded( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _cmp s>
c C sP t | } | t j o | S| i p
| i o t S| i | d j S( Ni ( t _convert_othert NotImplementedt is_nanRY R ( R Rp ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __eq__. s
c C sP t | } | t j o | S| i p
| i o t S| i | d j S( Ni ( R R R R' R ( R Rp ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __ne__6 s
c C sO t | } | t j o | S| i | | } | o t S| i | d j S( Ni ( R R Rv RY R ( R Rp R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __lt__> s
c C sO t | } | t j o | S| i | | } | o t S| i | d j S( Ni ( R R Rv RY R ( R Rp R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __le__G s
c C sO t | } | t j o | S| i | | } | o t S| i | d j S( Ni ( R R Rv RY R ( R Rp R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __gt__P s
c C sO t | } | t j o | S| i | | } | o t S| i | d j S( Ni ( R R Rv RY R ( R Rp R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __ge__Y s
c C sb t | d t } | i p | o, | i o" | i | | } | o | Sn t | i | S( s Compares one to another.
-1 => a < b
0 => a = b
1 => a > b
NaN => one is NaN
Like __cmp__, but returns Decimal instances.
t raiseit( R R' RD Rs R R ( R Rp R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt compareb s c C s | i o. | i o t d n t t | S| p d S| i o> t | i } t d | i | i t
d | i d
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t | i | i i d f S( s x.__hash__() <==> hash(x)s Cannot hash a NaN value.i ii
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, c C s( t | i t t t | i | i S( se Represents the number as a triple tuple.
To show the internals exactly as they are.
( R R% R_ Rc RG R& RC ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt as_tuple s c C s d t | S( s0 Represents the number as an instance of Decimal.s
Decimal('%s')( RW ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __repr__ s c C s d d g | i } | i oL | i d j o | d S| i d j o | d | i S| d | i Sn | i t | i } | i d j o | d j o
| } nJ | p
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d d
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d | | i } n] | t | i j o( | i d | t | i } d } n | i | } d
| i | } | | j o
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t } n d d g | i d | | } | | | | S( s Return string representation of the number in scientific notation.
Captures all of the information in the underlying representation.
RI RF RN t InfinityR# t NaNRo i ii RE i t .t et Es %+dN( R% RD RC R& RX R@ R t capitals( R t engR R- t
leftdigitst dotplaceRi Rj RJ ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __str__ s:
c C s | i d t d | S( s Convert to engineering-type string.
Engineering notation has an exponent which is a multiple of 3, so there
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Same rules for when in exponential and when as a value as in __str__.
R R ( R R' ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
to_eng_string s c C sv | i o" | i d | } | o | Sn | p | i } n
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t } n | i | S( sR Returns a copy with the sign switched.
Rounds, if it has reason.
R N( RD Rs t copy_abst copy_negateR@ R t _fix( R R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __neg__ s
c C sv | i o" | i d | } | o | Sn | p | i } n
t | } | d j o
t } n | i | S( sh Returns a copy, unless it is a sNaN.
Rounds the number (if more then precision digits)
R N( RD Rs R R R@ R R ( R R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __pos__ s
c C st | p | i S| i o" | i d | } | o | Sn | i o | i d | } n | i d | } | S( s Returns the absolute value of self.
If the keyword argument 'round' is false, do not round. The
expression self.__abs__(round=False) is equivalent to
self.copy_abs().
R ( R RD Rs R% R R ( R t roundR R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __abs__ s
c
C s t | } | t j o | S| d j o
t } n | i p
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d } n t | d | } | i | } | S| pF t | | i | i d } | i | | i
} | i | } | S| pF t | | i | i d } | i | | i
} | i | } | St | } t | } t | | | i \ } } t } | i | i j o | i | i j o& t | d | } | i | } | S| i | i j o | | } } n | i d j o& d | _ | i | i | _ | _ q4d | _ n9 | i d j o d | _ d \ | _ | _ n
d | _ | i d j o | i | i | _ n | i | i | _ | i | _ t
| } | i | } | S( sb Returns self + other.
-INF + INF (or the reverse) cause InvalidOperation errors.
s
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c C sp t | } | t j o | S| i p
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c C s1 t | } | t j o | S| i | d | S( s Return other - selfR ( R R R ( R Rp R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __rsub__ s
c C s t | } | t j o | S| d j o
t } n | i | i A} | i p
| i o~ | i | | } | o | S| i o! | p | i t d St
| S| i o! | p | i t d St
| Sn | i | i } | p | o& t | d | } | i
| } | S| i d j o) t | | i | } | i
| } | S| i d j o) t | | i | } | i
| } | St | } t | } t | t | i | i | } | i
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(+-) INF * 0 (or its reverse) raise InvalidOperation.
s (+-)INF * 0s 0 * (+-)INFRE t 1N( R R R@ R R% RD Rs Rn RU R R, RC R$ R R& R] RW RG ( R Rp R t
resultsignR* t resultexpR R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __mul__ sH
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Sn | p, | p | i t d S| i t d | S| p | i | i } d } n t | i t | i | i d } | i | i | } t | } t | } | d j o' t | i d | | i \ } }
n% t | i | i d | \ } }
|
o# | d d j o | d 7} qfnK | i | i } x7 | | j o) | d d j o | d } | d 7} q/Wt | t | | } | i | S( s Return self / other.s (+-)INF/(+-)INFs Division by infinityRE s 0 / 0s x / 0i i i
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c C s | i | i A} | i o
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Assumes that neither self nor other is a NaN, that self is not
infinite and that other is nonzero.
iRE i i
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" ! ! c C s1 t | } | t j o | S| i | d | S( s) Swaps self/other and returns __truediv__.R ( R R R ( R Rp R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __rtruediv__ s
c C sF t | } | t j o | S| d j o
t } n | i | | } | o | | f S| i | i A} | i oH | i o | i t d } | | f St | | i t d f Sn | pM | p | i t
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s divmod(INF, INF)s INF % xs divmod(0, 0)s x // 0s x % 0N( R R R@ R Rs R% Rn RU R R, R/ R R R ( R Rp R R* R- t quotientR ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
__divmod__( s0
c C s1 t | } | t j o | S| i | d | S( s( Swaps self/other and returns __divmod__.R ( R R R ( R Rp R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __rdivmod__L s
c C s t | } | t j o | S| d j o
t } n | i | | } | o | S| i o | i t d S| p, | o | i t d S| i t d Sn | i | | d } | i
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self % other
s INF % xs x % 0s 0 % 0i N( R R R@ R Rs Rn RU R R/ R R ( R Rp R R* R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __mod__S s"
c C s1 t | } | t j o | S| i | d | S( s% Swaps self/other and returns __mod__.R ( R R R ( R Rp R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __rmod__n s
c C s | d j o
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R s remainder_near(infinity, x)s remainder_near(x, 0)s remainder_near(0, 0)RE i ii
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c C s t | } | t j o | S| d j o
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self // others
INF // INFs x // 0s 0 // 0i N(
R R R@ R Rs Rn RU R R, R% R R/ R ( R Rp R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __floordiv__ s$
c C s1 t | } | t j o | S| i | d | S( s* Swaps self/other and returns __floordiv__.R ( R R R ( R Rp R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
__rfloordiv__ s
c C s t t | S( s Float representation.( Rd RW ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __float__ s c C s | i o> | i o t d qH | i o t d qH n d | i } | i d j o | t | i d | i S| t | i | i p d Sd S( s1 Converts self to an int, truncating if necessary.s Cannot convert NaN to integers" Cannot convert infinity to integerii i
RE N( RD Rm R` Rn t
OverflowErrorR% RC RG R& ( R t s( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __int__ s
c C s | S( N( ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt real s c C s
t d S( Ni ( R ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt imag s c C s | S( N( ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt conjugate s c C s t t | S( N( t complexRd ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __complex__ s c C s t | i S( sC Converts to a long.
Equivalent to long(int(self))
( R[ R ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __long__ s c C sm | i } | i | i } t | | j o7 | t | | i d } t | i | | i t St | S( s2 Decapitate the payload of a NaN to fit the contextRE (
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| i | | } | o | o | i t n | o | i t n | o | i t n | i t | p | i t n | S| o | i t n | i d j oI | i
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Rounds and fixes the exponent. Does not raise on a sNaN.
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context - context used.
RE s
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c C s t | i | o d Sd Sd S( s( Also known as round-towards-0, truncate.i iN( t
_all_zerosR& ( R R3 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round_down s c C s | i | S( s Rounds away from 0.( R ( R R3 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round_up s c C s9 | i | d j o d St | i | o d Sd Sd S( s Rounds 5 up (away from 0)t 56789i i iN( R& R ( R R3 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round_half_up s
c C s) t | i | o d S| i | Sd S( s Round 5 downiN( t _exact_halfR& R ( R R3 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round_half_down s c C sN t | i | o* | d j p | i | d d j o d S| i | Sd S( s! Round 5 to even, rest to nearest.i i t 02468iN( R R& R ( R R3 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round_half_even s %c C s* | i o | i | S| i | Sd S( s( Rounds up (not away from 0 if negative.)N( R% R ( R R3 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round_ceiling s
c C s* | i p | i | S| i | Sd S( s' Rounds down (not towards 0 if negative)N( R% R ( R R3 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round_floor s
c C s? | o& | i | d d j o | i | S| i | Sd S( s) Round down unless digit prec-1 is 0 or 5.i t 05N( R& R ( R R3 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round_05up s c C s t | d t } | i p
| i o| d j o
t } n | i d j o | i t d | S| i d j o | i t d | S| i d j o
| } q| i d j o
| } q| i d j o0 | p | i t d St | i | i A} q| i d j o0 | p | i t d St | i | i A} qnC t
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t | i
| i | i } t | d t } | i | | S( s: Fused multiply-add.
Returns self*other+third with no rounding of the intermediate
product self*other.
self and other are multiplied together, with no rounding of
the result. The third operand is then added to the result,
and a single final rounding is performed.
R RM Ro R# RN s INF * 0 in fmas 0 * INF in fmaN( R R' RD R@ R RC RU R R, R% R$ RW RG R& R ( R Rp t thirdR t product( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt fma s6
c C s t | d t } t | d t } | d j o
t } n | i } | i } | i } | p | p | o | d j o | i t d | S| d j o | i t d | S| d j o | i t d | S| o | i | S| o | i | S| i | S| i o | i o
| i p | i t d S| d j o | i t d S| p | i t d S| i | i
j o | i t d S| o | o | i t d S| i o
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t | } t | i } t | i } | i | t d
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$ c C s t | } | i | i } } x* | d d j o | d } | d 7} q" Wt | } | i | i } } x* | d d j o | d } | d 7} qn W| d j o | | 9} x* | d d j o | d } | d 7} q W| d j o d S| d | } | i d j o | } n | i o> | i d j o. | i t | }
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t t | | | j o d St
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t t | | | j o d S| d | } } x? | d | d j o
d j n o | d } | d } qWx? | d | d j o
d j n o | d } | d } qW| d j o | d j o | | j o d St | | \ } } | d j o d Sd t
| | >} xQ t oI t | | | d \ } } | | j o Pq| | d | | } qW| | j o
| d j p d S| } n | d j o | | d t | j o d S| | } | | 9} | d | j o d St | } | i oD | i d j o4 | i t | }
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| } n d } t d | d | | | S( sh Attempt to compute self**other exactly.
Given Decimals self and other and an integer p, attempt to
compute an exact result for the power self**other, with p
digits of precision. Return None if self**other is not
exactly representable in p digits.
Assumes that elimination of special cases has already been
performed: self and other must both be nonspecial; self must
be positive and not numerically equal to 1; other must be
nonzero. For efficiency, other._exp should not be too large,
so that 10**abs(other._exp) is a feasible calculation.i
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| i | i d | | i | } n | i# } | i$ x t% D] } d | i& | | i | d d j o% | | j o | d 7} | d 8} q Wt | i | i | | S( s? Normalize- strip trailing 0s, change anything equal to 0 to 0e0R RE i i N( R@ R RD Rs R Rn R$ R% R4 R R RX R& RC ( R R R* t dupR t endRJ ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt normalize s&
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c C s t | d t } | d j o
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| i or | i | | } | o | S| i p
| i o6 | i o | i o t | S| i t
d Sn | p\ | i | i | } | i | i j o/ | i t
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d S| p& t | i d | i } | i | S| i } | | i j o | i t
d S| | i d | i j o | i t
d S| i | i | } | i | i j o | i t
d St | i | i j o | i t
d S| o' | i | i j o | i t n | i | i j o/ | | j o | i t n | i t
n | i | } | S( s Quantize self so its exponent is the same as that of exp.
Similar to self._rescale(exp._exp) but with error checking.
R s quantize with one INFs) target exponent out of bounds in quantizeRE s9 exponent of quantize result too large for current contexti s7 quantize result has too many digits for current contextN( R R' R@ R R2 RD Rs Rn R RU R R RC R
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c C sh t | d t } | i p
| i o2 | i o
| i p | i o
| i S| i | i j S( s= Return True if self and other have the same exponent; otherwise
return False.
If either operand is a special value, the following rules are used:
* return True if both operands are infinities
* return True if both operands are NaNs
* otherwise, return False.
R ( R R' RD R t is_infiniteRC ( R Rp ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt same_quantumM s
c C s | i o t | S| p t | i d | S| i | j o& t | i | i d | i | | St | i | i | } | d j o# t | i d | d } d } n t | | i | } | | } | i | p d } | d j o t t
| d } n t | i | | S( ss Rescale self so that the exponent is exp, either by padding with zeros
or by truncating digits, using the given rounding mode.
Specials are returned without change. This operation is
quiet: it raises no flags, and uses no information from the
context.
exp = exp to scale to (an integer)
rounding = rounding mode
RE i R i ( RD R R$ R% RC R& RX R R RW RG ( R RJ R2 Rk t
this_functionR R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR \ s"
c C s | d j o t d n | i p | o t | S| i | i d | | } | i | i j o$ | i | i d | | } n | S( s" Round a nonzero, nonspecial Decimal to a fixed number of
significant figures, using the given rounding mode.
Infinities, NaNs and zeros are returned unaltered.
This operation is quiet: it raises no flags, and uses no
information from the context.
i s' argument should be at least 1 in _roundi ( R` RD R R Rx ( R t placesR2 R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _round~ s
$c C s | i o) | i d | } | o | St | S| i d j o t | S| p t | i d d S| d j o
t } n | d j o
| i } n | i d | } | | j o | i
t n | i
t | S( sV Rounds to a nearby integer.
If no rounding mode is specified, take the rounding mode from
the context. This method raises the Rounded and Inexact flags
when appropriate.
See also: to_integral_value, which does exactly the same as
this method except that it doesn't raise Inexact or Rounded.
R i RE N(
RD Rs R RC R$ R% R@ R R2 R RU R R
( R R2 R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt to_integral_exact s$
c C s | d j o
t } n | d j o
| i } n | i o) | i d | } | o | St | S| i d j o t | S| i d | Sd S( s@ Rounds to the nearest integer, without raising inexact, rounded.R i N( R@ R R2 RD Rs R RC R ( R R2 R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s
c C s | d
j o
t } n | i oJ | i d | } | o | S| i o | i d j o t | Sn | p* t | i d | i d } | i | S| i d j o | i
t d S| i d } t
| } | i d ?} | i d @o( | i d } t | i d ?d } n! | i } t | i d d ?} | | } | d j o | d | 9} t } n" t | d | \ } }
|
} | | 8} d | } x6 t o. | | } | | j o Pq| | d ?} qW| o | | | j } | o< | d j o | d | } n | d | 9} | | 7} n | d d j o | d 7} n t d t | | } | i } | i t }
| i | } |
| _ | S( s Return the square root of self.R i RE i i s sqrt(-x), x > 0i
id i N( R@ R RD Rs Rn R% R R$ RC R RU R R3 R] RJ RG RX R& R' R RW t
_shallow_copyt
_set_roundingR R2 ( R R R* R3 R R t ct lR R R R# R R2 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt sqrt sb
c C s$ t | d t } | d j o
t } n | i p
| i o | i } | i } | p | oa | d j o | d j o | i | S| d j o | d j o | i | S| i | | Sn | i | } | d j o | i | } n | d j o
| } n | } | i | S( s Returns the larger value.
Like max(self, other) except if one is not a number, returns
NaN (and signals if one is sNaN). Also rounds.
R i i iN(
R R' R@ R RD Rm R Rs R t
compare_total( R Rp R t snt onR) R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR (
s&
c C s$ t | d t } | d j o
t } n | i p
| i o | i } | i } | p | oa | d j o | d j o | i | S| d j o | d j o | i | S| i | | Sn | i | } | d j o | i | } n | d j o
| } n | } | i | S( s Returns the smaller value.
Like min(self, other) except if one is not a number, returns
NaN (and signals if one is sNaN). Also rounds.
R i i iN(
R R' R@ R RD Rm R Rs R R, ( R Rp R R- R. R) R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR R
s&
c C sH | i o t S| i d j o t S| i | i } | d t | j S( s" Returns whether self is an integeri RE ( RD RY RC R' R& RX ( R t rest( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR t
s
c C s5 | p | i d j o t S| i d | i d j S( s: Returns True if self is even. Assumes self is an integer.i iR ( RC R' R& ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR }
s c C s7 y | i t | i d SWn t j
o d SXd S( s$ Return the adjusted exponent of selfi i N( RC RX R& Re ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRx
s c C s | S( s Returns the same Decimal object.
As we do not have different encodings for the same number, the
received object already is in its canonical form.
( ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt canonical
s c C sC t | d t } | i | | } | o | S| i | d | S( s Compares self to the other operand numerically.
It's pretty much like compare(), but all NaNs signal, with signaling
NaNs taking precedence over quiet NaNs.
R R ( R R' Rv R ( R Rp R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt compare_signal
s
c C s t | d t } | i o | i o t S| i o | i o t S| i } | i } | i } | p | o#| | j ow t | i | i f } t | i | i f } | | j o | o t St Sn | | j o | o t St Sn t S| oL | d j o t S| d j o t S| d j o t S| d j o t Sq| d j o t S| d j o t S| d j o t S| d j o t Sn | | j o t S| | j o t S| i | i j o | o t St Sn | i | i j o | o t St Sn t S( s Compares self to other using the abstract representations.
This is not like the standard compare, which use their numerical
value. Note that a total ordering is defined for all possible abstract
representations.
R i i (
R R' R% t _NegativeOneR Rm RX R& t _ZeroRC ( R Rp R- t self_nant other_nant self_keyt other_key( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR,
sf
c C s7 t | d t } | i } | i } | i | S( s Compares self to other using abstract repr., ignoring sign.
Like compare_total, but with operand's sign ignored and assumed to be 0.
R ( R R' R R, ( R Rp R t o( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt compare_total_mag
s c C s t d | i | i | i S( s' Returns a copy with the sign set to 0. i ( R$ R& RC RD ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR
s c C sG | i o t d | i | i | i St d | i | i | i Sd S( s& Returns a copy with the sign inverted.i i N( R% R$ R& RC RD ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR
s
c C s t | i | i | i | i S( s$ Returns self with the sign of other.( R$ R% R& RC RD ( R Rp ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt copy_sign
s c C s | d j o
t } n | i d | } | o | S| i d j o t S| p t S| i d j o t | S| i } | i } | i d j oA | t
t | i d d j o t
d d | i d } n| i d j oH | t
t | i d d j o t
d d | i d } nD| i d j o5 | | j o' t
d d d | d d | } n | i d j o5 | | d j o# t
d d | d | d } n t | } | i | i } } | i d j o | } n d } x^ t oV t | | | | \ } }
| d d
t
t | | d o Pn | d 7} qWt
d t | |
} | i } | i t } | i | } | | _ | S( s Returns e ** self.R ii i i R RE R1 i i
N( R@ R Rs Rn R3 R R R3 Rx R% RX RW R4 R$ R R] RG RJ R- R' t _dexpR' R( R R R2 ( R R R* R t adjR R) R R R RJ R2 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRJ sL
4 8 '"# ' c C s t S( s Return True if self is canonical; otherwise return False.
Currently, the encoding of a Decimal instance is always
canonical, so this method returns True for any Decimal.
( R' ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt is_canonicalN s c C s | i S( s Return True if self is finite; otherwise return False.
A Decimal instance is considered finite if it is neither
infinite nor a NaN.
( RD ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt is_finiteV s c C s
| i d j S( s8 Return True if self is infinite; otherwise return False.RN ( RC ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR! ^ s c C s
| i d j S( s> Return True if self is a qNaN or sNaN; otherwise return False.R# RM ( R# RM ( RC ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR b s c C sD | i p | o t S| d j o
t } n | i | i j S( s? Return True if self is a normal number; otherwise return False.N( RD RY R@ R R Rx ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt is_normalf s
c C s
| i d j S( s; Return True if self is a quiet NaN; otherwise return False.R# ( RC ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRu n s c C s
| i d j S( s8 Return True if self is negative; otherwise return False.i ( R% ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt is_signedr s c C s
| i d j S( s? Return True if self is a signaling NaN; otherwise return False.RM ( RC ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRt v s c C sD | i p | o t S| d j o
t } n | i | i j S( s9 Return True if self is subnormal; otherwise return False.N( RD RY R@ R Rx R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt is_subnormalz s
c C s | i o
| i d j S( s6 Return True if self is a zero; otherwise return False.RE ( RD R& ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt is_zero s c C s | i t | i d } | d j o t t | d d d S| d j o! t t d | d d d St | } | i | i } } | d j o@ t | d | } t | } t | t | | | j S| t t d | | d S( s Compute a lower bound for the adjusted exponent of self.ln().
In other words, compute r such that self.ln() >= 10**r. Assumes
that self is finite and positive and that self != 1.
i i i
iii ( RC RX R& RW R] RG RJ ( R R< R R) R t numt den( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
_ln_exp_bound s
!
c
C s | d j o
t } n | i d | } | o | S| p t S| i d j o t S| t j o t S| i d j o | i t
d St | } | i | i
} } | i } | | i d } xZ t oR t | | | } | d d t t t | | d o Pn | d 7} q Wt t | d j t t | | } | i } | i t } | i | } | | _ | S(
s/ Returns the natural (base e) logarithm of self.R i s ln of a negative valuei i i
i i N( R@ R Rs t _NegativeInfinityRn t _InfinityR R3 R% RU R R] RG RJ R3 RE R' t _dlogRX RW R\ R$ R' R( R R R2 (
R R R* R R) R R R$ R R2 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt ln s<
-+ c C s | i t | i d } | d j o t t | d S| d j o t t d | d St | } | i | i } } | d j oH t | d | } t d | } t | t | | | j d St d | | } t | | | d j d S( s Compute a lower bound for the adjusted exponent of self.log10().
In other words, find r such that self.log10() >= 10**r.
Assumes that self is finite and positive and that self != 1.
i iii i
i i t 231( RC RX R& RW R] RG RJ ( R R< R R) R RC RD ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s
#c
C s | d j o
t } n | i d | } | o | S| p t S| i d j o t S| i d j o | i t d S| i d d j oI | i d d t
| i d j o$ t | i t
| i d } n t
| } | i | i } } | i } | | i d } xZ t oR t | | | } | d d t
t t | | d o Pn | d
7} qWt t | d j t t | | } | i } | i t } | i | } | | _ | S( s& Returns the base 10 logarithm of self.R i s log10 of a negative valuei R RE i i i
i N( R@ R Rs RF Rn RG R% RU R R& RX R RC R] RG RJ R3 R R' t _dlog10RW R\ R$ R' R( R R R2 (
R R R* R R) R R R$ R R2 ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt log10 s<
9$ -+ c C s | i d | } | o | S| d j o
t } n | i o t S| p | i t d d St | i } | i | S( sM Returns the exponent of the magnitude of self's MSD.
The result is the integer which is the exponent of the magnitude
of the most significant digit of self (as though it were truncated
to a single digit while maintaining the value of that digit and
without limiting the resulting exponent).
R s logb(0)i N(
Rs R@ R Rn RG RU R R Rx R ( R R R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt logb" s
c C sO | i d j p | i d j o t Sx# | i D] } | d j o t Sq/ Wt S( s Return True if self is a logical operand.
For being logical, it must be a finite number with a sign of 0,
an exponent of 0, and a coefficient whose digits must all be
either 0 or 1.
i t 01( R% RC RY R& R' ( R t dig( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
_islogical@ s
c C s | i t | } | d j o d | | } n | d j o | | i } n | i t | } | d j o d | | } n | d j o | | i } n | | f S( Ni RE ( R3 RX ( R R t opat opbt dif( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
_fill_logicalN s
c C s | d j o
t } n t | d t } | i p | i o | i t S| i | | i | i \ } } d i g } t
| | D]) \ } } | t t | t | @ q ~ } t
d | i d p d d S( s; Applies an 'and' operation between self and other's digits.R RI i RE N( R@ R R R' RP RU R RT R& Rb t zipRW RG R$ RZ ( R Rp R RQ RR t _[1]R t bR ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt logical_and[ s
!Oc C s= | d j o
t } n | i t d d | i d | S( s Invert all its digits.i R N( R@ R t logical_xorR$ R3 ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt logical_invertl s
c C s | d j o
t } n t | d t } | i p | i o | i t S| i | | i | i \ } } d i g } t
| | D]) \ } } | t t | t | B q ~ } t
d | i d p d d S( s: Applies an 'or' operation between self and other's digits.R RI i RE N( R@ R R R' RP RU R RT R& Rb RU RW RG R$ RZ ( R Rp R RQ RR RV R RW R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
logical_ors s
!Oc C s | d j o
t } n t | d t } | i p | i o | i t S| i | | i | i \ } } d i g } t
| | D]) \ } } | t t | t | A q ~ } t
d | i d p d d S( s; Applies an 'xor' operation between self and other's digits.R RI i RE N( R@ R R R' RP RU R RT R& Rb RU RW RG R$ RZ ( R Rp R RQ RR RV R RW R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRY s
!Oc C s0 t | d t } | d j o
t } n | i p
| i o | i } | i } | p | oa | d j o | d j o | i | S| d j o | d j o | i | S| i | | Sn | i i | i } | d j o | i
| } n | d j o
| } n | } | i | S( s8 Compares the values numerically with their sign ignored.R i i iN( R R' R@ R RD Rm R Rs R R R, ( R Rp R R- R. R) R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt max_mag s&
c C s0 t | d t } | d j o
t } n | i p
| i o | i } | i } | p | oa | d j o | d j o | i | S| d j o | d j o | i | S| i | | Sn | i i | i } | d j o | i
| } n | d j o
| } n | } | i | S( s8 Compares the values numerically with their sign ignored.R i i iN( R R' R@ R RD Rm R Rs R R R, ( R Rp R R- R. R) R* ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt min_mag s&
c C s | d j o
t } n | i d | } | o | S| i d j o t S| i d j o t d d | i | i S| i } | i t
| i | i | } | | j o | S| i
t d d | i d | S( s= Returns the largest representable number smaller than itself.R ii i R1 R N( R@ R Rs Rn RF R$ R3 R R: R( R t _ignore_all_flagsR R R ( R R R* t new_self( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
next_minus s"
c C s | d j o
t } n | i d | } | o | S| i d j o t S| i d j o t d d | i | i S| i } | i t
| i | i | } | | j o | S| i
t d d | i d | S( s= Returns the smallest representable number larger than itself.R i iR1 i R N( R@ R Rs Rn RG R$ R3 R R: R( R R^ R R R ( R R R* R_ ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt next_plus s"
c C sN t | d t } | d j o
t } n | i | | } | o | S| i | } | d j o | i | S| d j o | i | } n | i | } | i o4 | i
t d | i | i
t
| i
t ng | i | i j oP | i
t | i
t | i
t
| i
t | p | i
t qJn | S( s Returns the number closest to self, in the direction towards other.
The result is the closest representable number to self
(excluding self) that is in the direction towards other,
unless both have the same value. If the two operands are
numerically equal, then the result is a copy of self with the
sign set to be the same as the sign of other.
R i is Infinite result from next_towardN( R R' R@ R Rs R R: Ra R` Rn RU R R% R R
Rx R R
R R ( R Rp R R* t
comparison( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt next_toward s4
c C s | i o d S| i o d S| i } | d j o d S| d j o d S| i o | i o d Sd Sn | d j o
t } n | i d | o | i o d
Sd Sn | i o d Sd
Sd S( s Returns an indication of the class of self.
The class is one of the following strings:
sNaN
NaN
-Infinity
-Normal
-Subnormal
-Zero
+Zero
+Subnormal
+Normal
+Infinity
Ro R i s +Infinityis -Infinitys -Zeros +ZeroR s
-Subnormals
+Subnormals -Normals +NormalN( Rt Ru Rn RB R% R@ R RA ( R R t inf( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt number_class-
s,
c C s
t d S( s' Just returns 10, as this is Decimal, :)i
( R ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt radixW
s c C sT | d j o
t } n t | d t } | i | | } | o | S| i d j o | i t S| i t | j o
| i j n p | i t S| i
o t | St | } | i } | i t
| } | d j o d | | } n | d j o | | } n | | | | } t | i | i d p d | i S( s5 Returns a rotated copy of self, value-of-other times.R i RE N( R@ R R R' Rs RC RU R R3 RG Rn R R& RX R$ R% RZ ( R Rp R R* t torott rotdigt topadt rotated( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt rotate[
s,
+
c C s | d j o
t } n t | d t } | i | | } | o | S| i d j o | i t Sd | i | i } d | i | i } | t
| j o
| j n p | i t S| i o t | St
| i | i | i t
| } | i | } | S( s> Returns self operand after adding the second value to its exp.R i ii N( R@ R R R' Rs RC RU R R4 R3 RG Rn R R$ R% R& R ( R Rp R R* t liminft limsupt d( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt scaleb|
s"
$
%c C sy | d j o
t } n t | d t } | i | | } | o | S| i d j o | i t S| i t | j o
| i j n p | i t S| i
o t | St | } | i } | i t
| } | d j o d | | } n | d j o | | } n | d j o | | } n | d | } | | i } t | i | i d p d | i S( s5 Returns a shifted copy of self, value-of-other times.R i RE N( R@ R R R' Rs RC RU R R3 RG Rn R R& RX R$ R% RZ ( R Rp R R* Rg Rh Ri t shifted( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR
s2
+
c C s | i t | f f S( N( t __class__RW ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
__reduce__
s c C s+ t | t j o | S| i t | S( N( t typeR Rq RW ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __copy__
s c C s+ t | t j o | S| i t | S( N( Rs R Rq RW ( R t memo( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __deepcopy__
s c
C s | d j o
t } n t | } | i o t t | | S| d d j o d d g | i | d R! R R? Ru R@ Rt RA RB RE RI R RL RM RP RT RX RZ R[ RY R\ R] R` Ra Rc Re Rf Rk Ro R Rr Rt Rv R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s
! = 4
V 7 ; ! $ K
\ , T G " c * " I K 2 3
. * ! ' c C s7 t i t } | | _ | | _ | | _ | | _ | S( s Create a decimal instance directly, without any validation,
normalization (e.g. removal of leading zeros) or argument
conversion.
This function is for *internal use only*.
( RO RP R R% R& RC RD ( R- t coefficientR t specialR ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR$ " s t _round_i RA c B s) e Z d Z d Z d Z d Z RS( s Context manager class to support localcontext().
Sets a copy of the supplied context in __enter__() and restores
the previous decimal context in __exit__()
c C s | i | _ d S( N( R: t new_context( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __init__L s c C s t | _ t | i | i S( N( R t
saved_contextR R ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __enter__N s
c C s t | i d S( N( R R ( R t tt vt tb( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt __exit__R s ( R R! R" R R R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRA F s c
B s e Z d Z dM dM dM dM dM dM dM d dM d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z e Z dM d Z
d Z d Z d
Z
dM Z d Z d Z d
Z d d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z d Z! d Z" d Z# d! Z$ d" Z% d# Z& d$ Z' d% Z( d& Z) d' Z* d( Z+ d) Z, d* Z- d+ Z. d, Z/ d- Z0 d. Z1 d/ Z2 d0 Z3 d1 Z4 d2 Z5 d3 Z6 d4 Z7 d5 Z8 d6 Z9 d7 Z: d8 Z; d9 Z< d: Z= d; Z> d< Z? d= Z@ dM d> ZA d? ZB d@ ZC dA ZD dB ZE dC ZF dD ZG dE ZH dF ZI dG ZJ dH ZK dI ZL dJ ZM dK ZN dL ZO eO ZP RS(N s Contains the context for a Decimal instance.
Contains:
prec - precision (for use in rounding, division, square roots..)
rounding - rounding type (how you round)
traps - If traps[exception] = 1, then the exception is
raised when it is caused. Otherwise, a value is
substituted in.
flags - When an exception is caused, flags[exception] is set.
(Whether or not the trap_enabler is set)
Should be reset by user of Decimal instance.
Emin - Minimum exponent
Emax - Maximum exponent
capitals - If 1, 1*10^1 is printed as 1E+1.
If 0, printed as 1e1
_clamp - If 1, change exponents if too high (Default 0)
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| _ d S( Nc 3 s+ x$ | ] } | t | j f Vq Wd S( N( RG ( t .0R ( R ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pys s i c 3 s+ x$ | ] } | t | j f Vq Wd S( N( RG ( R R ( R ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pys s ( R t NameErrorR@ R3 R2 R R4 R R t _ignored_flagsR R: RQ t dictR t fromkeysR ( R R3 R2 R R R R4 R R R t dc( ( R R s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR h s.
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#c C s g } | i d t | g } | i i D]! \ } } | o | | i q1 q1 ~ } | i d d i | d g } | i i D]! \ } } | o | | i q q ~ } | i d d i | d d i | d S( s Show the current context.sa Context(prec=%(prec)d, rounding=%(rounding)s, Emin=%(Emin)d, Emax=%(Emax)d, capitals=%(capitals)ds flags=[s , t ]s traps=[t )( Ra t varsR t itemsR Rb R ( R R RV t fR t namest _[2]R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s > > c C s% x | i D] } d | i | >> ExtendedContext.abs(Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('2.1')
>>> ExtendedContext.abs(Decimal('-100'))
Decimal('100')
>>> ExtendedContext.abs(Decimal('101.5'))
Decimal('101.5')
>>> ExtendedContext.abs(Decimal('-101.5'))
Decimal('101.5')
R ( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR\ s c C s | i | d | S( s Return the sum of the two operands.
>>> ExtendedContext.add(Decimal('12'), Decimal('7.00'))
Decimal('19.00')
>>> ExtendedContext.add(Decimal('1E+2'), Decimal('1.01E+4'))
Decimal('1.02E+4')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt add s c C s t | i | S( N( RW R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _apply" s c C s | i d | S( s Returns the same Decimal object.
As we do not have different encodings for the same number, the
received object already is in its canonical form.
>>> ExtendedContext.canonical(Decimal('2.50'))
Decimal('2.50')
R ( R0 ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR0 % s c C s | i | d | S( s Compares values numerically.
If the signs of the operands differ, a value representing each operand
('-1' if the operand is less than zero, '0' if the operand is zero or
negative zero, or '1' if the operand is greater than zero) is used in
place of that operand for the comparison instead of the actual
operand.
The comparison is then effected by subtracting the second operand from
the first and then returning a value according to the result of the
subtraction: '-1' if the result is less than zero, '0' if the result is
zero or negative zero, or '1' if the result is greater than zero.
>>> ExtendedContext.compare(Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('-1')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare(Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare(Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('2.10'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare(Decimal('3'), Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare(Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('-3'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare(Decimal('-3'), Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('-1')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR 0 s c C s | i | d | S( sT Compares the values of the two operands numerically.
It's pretty much like compare(), but all NaNs signal, with signaling
NaNs taking precedence over quiet NaNs.
>>> c = ExtendedContext
>>> c.compare_signal(Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('-1')
>>> c.compare_signal(Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('0')
>>> c.flags[InvalidOperation] = 0
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
0
>>> c.compare_signal(Decimal('NaN'), Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('NaN')
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
1
>>> c.flags[InvalidOperation] = 0
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
0
>>> c.compare_signal(Decimal('sNaN'), Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('NaN')
>>> print c.flags[InvalidOperation]
1
R ( R1 ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR1 M s c C s
| i | S( sG Compares two operands using their abstract representation.
This is not like the standard compare, which use their numerical
value. Note that a total ordering is defined for all possible abstract
representations.
>>> ExtendedContext.compare_total(Decimal('12.73'), Decimal('127.9'))
Decimal('-1')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare_total(Decimal('-127'), Decimal('12'))
Decimal('-1')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare_total(Decimal('12.30'), Decimal('12.3'))
Decimal('-1')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare_total(Decimal('12.30'), Decimal('12.30'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare_total(Decimal('12.3'), Decimal('12.300'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.compare_total(Decimal('12.3'), Decimal('NaN'))
Decimal('-1')
( R, ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR, i s c C s
| i | S( s Compares two operands using their abstract representation ignoring sign.
Like compare_total, but with operand's sign ignored and assumed to be 0.
( R9 ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR9 s c C s
| i S( s Returns a copy of the operand with the sign set to 0.
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_abs(Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('2.1')
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_abs(Decimal('-100'))
Decimal('100')
( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s
t | S( s Returns a copy of the decimal objet.
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_decimal(Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('2.1')
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_decimal(Decimal('-1.00'))
Decimal('-1.00')
( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt copy_decimal s c C s
| i S( s Returns a copy of the operand with the sign inverted.
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_negate(Decimal('101.5'))
Decimal('-101.5')
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_negate(Decimal('-101.5'))
Decimal('101.5')
( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s
| i | S( s> Copies the second operand's sign to the first one.
In detail, it returns a copy of the first operand with the sign
equal to the sign of the second operand.
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_sign(Decimal( '1.50'), Decimal('7.33'))
Decimal('1.50')
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_sign(Decimal('-1.50'), Decimal('7.33'))
Decimal('1.50')
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_sign(Decimal( '1.50'), Decimal('-7.33'))
Decimal('-1.50')
>>> ExtendedContext.copy_sign(Decimal('-1.50'), Decimal('-7.33'))
Decimal('-1.50')
( R: ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR: s c C s | i | d | S( s Decimal division in a specified context.
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('1'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('0.333333333')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('2'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('0.666666667')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('5'), Decimal('2'))
Decimal('2.5')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('1'), Decimal('10'))
Decimal('0.1')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('12'), Decimal('12'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('8.00'), Decimal('2'))
Decimal('4.00')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('2.400'), Decimal('2.0'))
Decimal('1.20')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('1000'), Decimal('100'))
Decimal('10')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('1000'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1000')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide(Decimal('2.40E+6'), Decimal('2'))
Decimal('1.20E+6')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt divide s c C s | i | d | S( sT Divides two numbers and returns the integer part of the result.
>>> ExtendedContext.divide_int(Decimal('2'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide_int(Decimal('10'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('3')
>>> ExtendedContext.divide_int(Decimal('1'), Decimal('0.3'))
Decimal('3')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
divide_int s
c C s | i | d | S( s Return (a // b, a % b)
>>> ExtendedContext.divmod(Decimal(8), Decimal(3))
(Decimal('2'), Decimal('2'))
>>> ExtendedContext.divmod(Decimal(8), Decimal(4))
(Decimal('2'), Decimal('0'))
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s | i d | S( s Returns e ** a.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> c.exp(Decimal('-Infinity'))
Decimal('0')
>>> c.exp(Decimal('-1'))
Decimal('0.367879441')
>>> c.exp(Decimal('0'))
Decimal('1')
>>> c.exp(Decimal('1'))
Decimal('2.71828183')
>>> c.exp(Decimal('0.693147181'))
Decimal('2.00000000')
>>> c.exp(Decimal('+Infinity'))
Decimal('Infinity')
R ( RJ ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRJ s c C s | i | | d | S( s@ Returns a multiplied by b, plus c.
The first two operands are multiplied together, using multiply,
the third operand is then added to the result of that
multiplication, using add, all with only one final rounding.
>>> ExtendedContext.fma(Decimal('3'), Decimal('5'), Decimal('7'))
Decimal('22')
>>> ExtendedContext.fma(Decimal('3'), Decimal('-5'), Decimal('7'))
Decimal('-8')
>>> ExtendedContext.fma(Decimal('888565290'), Decimal('1557.96930'), Decimal('-86087.7578'))
Decimal('1.38435736E+12')
R ( R ( R R RW R) ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s
| i S( s Return True if the operand is canonical; otherwise return False.
Currently, the encoding of a Decimal instance is always
canonical, so this method returns True for any Decimal.
>>> ExtendedContext.is_canonical(Decimal('2.50'))
True
( R= ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR=
s c C s
| i S( s Return True if the operand is finite; otherwise return False.
A Decimal instance is considered finite if it is neither
infinite nor a NaN.
>>> ExtendedContext.is_finite(Decimal('2.50'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.is_finite(Decimal('-0.3'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.is_finite(Decimal('0'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.is_finite(Decimal('Inf'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.is_finite(Decimal('NaN'))
False
( R> ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR> s c C s
| i S( s Return True if the operand is infinite; otherwise return False.
>>> ExtendedContext.is_infinite(Decimal('2.50'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.is_infinite(Decimal('-Inf'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.is_infinite(Decimal('NaN'))
False
( R! ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR! ( s
c C s
| i S( s Return True if the operand is a qNaN or sNaN;
otherwise return False.
>>> ExtendedContext.is_nan(Decimal('2.50'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.is_nan(Decimal('NaN'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.is_nan(Decimal('-sNaN'))
True
( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR 4 s c C s | i d | S( s Return True if the operand is a normal number;
otherwise return False.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> c.is_normal(Decimal('2.50'))
True
>>> c.is_normal(Decimal('0.1E-999'))
False
>>> c.is_normal(Decimal('0.00'))
False
>>> c.is_normal(Decimal('-Inf'))
False
>>> c.is_normal(Decimal('NaN'))
False
R ( R? ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR? A s c C s
| i S( s Return True if the operand is a quiet NaN; otherwise return False.
>>> ExtendedContext.is_qnan(Decimal('2.50'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.is_qnan(Decimal('NaN'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.is_qnan(Decimal('sNaN'))
False
( Ru ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRu U s
c C s
| i S( s Return True if the operand is negative; otherwise return False.
>>> ExtendedContext.is_signed(Decimal('2.50'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.is_signed(Decimal('-12'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.is_signed(Decimal('-0'))
True
( R@ ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR@ a s
c C s
| i S( s Return True if the operand is a signaling NaN;
otherwise return False.
>>> ExtendedContext.is_snan(Decimal('2.50'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.is_snan(Decimal('NaN'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.is_snan(Decimal('sNaN'))
True
( Rt ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRt m s c C s | i d | S( s Return True if the operand is subnormal; otherwise return False.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> c.is_subnormal(Decimal('2.50'))
False
>>> c.is_subnormal(Decimal('0.1E-999'))
True
>>> c.is_subnormal(Decimal('0.00'))
False
>>> c.is_subnormal(Decimal('-Inf'))
False
>>> c.is_subnormal(Decimal('NaN'))
False
R ( RA ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRA z s c C s
| i S( s Return True if the operand is a zero; otherwise return False.
>>> ExtendedContext.is_zero(Decimal('0'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.is_zero(Decimal('2.50'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.is_zero(Decimal('-0E+2'))
True
( RB ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRB s
c C s | i d | S( s Returns the natural (base e) logarithm of the operand.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> c.ln(Decimal('0'))
Decimal('-Infinity')
>>> c.ln(Decimal('1.000'))
Decimal('0')
>>> c.ln(Decimal('2.71828183'))
Decimal('1.00000000')
>>> c.ln(Decimal('10'))
Decimal('2.30258509')
>>> c.ln(Decimal('+Infinity'))
Decimal('Infinity')
R ( RI ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRI s c C s | i d | S( sG Returns the base 10 logarithm of the operand.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> c.log10(Decimal('0'))
Decimal('-Infinity')
>>> c.log10(Decimal('0.001'))
Decimal('-3')
>>> c.log10(Decimal('1.000'))
Decimal('0')
>>> c.log10(Decimal('2'))
Decimal('0.301029996')
>>> c.log10(Decimal('10'))
Decimal('1')
>>> c.log10(Decimal('70'))
Decimal('1.84509804')
>>> c.log10(Decimal('+Infinity'))
Decimal('Infinity')
R ( RL ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRL s c C s | i d | S( s Returns the exponent of the magnitude of the operand's MSD.
The result is the integer which is the exponent of the magnitude
of the most significant digit of the operand (as though the
operand were truncated to a single digit while maintaining the
value of that digit and without limiting the resulting exponent).
>>> ExtendedContext.logb(Decimal('250'))
Decimal('2')
>>> ExtendedContext.logb(Decimal('2.50'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.logb(Decimal('0.03'))
Decimal('-2')
>>> ExtendedContext.logb(Decimal('0'))
Decimal('-Infinity')
R ( RM ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRM s c C s | i | d | S( s Applies the logical operation 'and' between each operand's digits.
The operands must be both logical numbers.
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_and(Decimal('0'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_and(Decimal('0'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_and(Decimal('1'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_and(Decimal('1'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_and(Decimal('1100'), Decimal('1010'))
Decimal('1000')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_and(Decimal('1111'), Decimal('10'))
Decimal('10')
R ( RX ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRX s c C s | i d | S( s Invert all the digits in the operand.
The operand must be a logical number.
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_invert(Decimal('0'))
Decimal('111111111')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_invert(Decimal('1'))
Decimal('111111110')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_invert(Decimal('111111111'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_invert(Decimal('101010101'))
Decimal('10101010')
R ( RZ ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRZ s c C s | i | d | S( s Applies the logical operation 'or' between each operand's digits.
The operands must be both logical numbers.
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_or(Decimal('0'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_or(Decimal('0'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_or(Decimal('1'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_or(Decimal('1'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_or(Decimal('1100'), Decimal('1010'))
Decimal('1110')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_or(Decimal('1110'), Decimal('10'))
Decimal('1110')
R ( R[ ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR[ s c C s | i | d | S( s Applies the logical operation 'xor' between each operand's digits.
The operands must be both logical numbers.
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_xor(Decimal('0'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_xor(Decimal('0'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_xor(Decimal('1'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_xor(Decimal('1'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_xor(Decimal('1100'), Decimal('1010'))
Decimal('110')
>>> ExtendedContext.logical_xor(Decimal('1111'), Decimal('10'))
Decimal('1101')
R ( RY ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRY s c C s | i | d | S( s max compares two values numerically and returns the maximum.
If either operand is a NaN then the general rules apply.
Otherwise, the operands are compared as though by the compare
operation. If they are numerically equal then the left-hand operand
is chosen as the result. Otherwise the maximum (closer to positive
infinity) of the two operands is chosen as the result.
>>> ExtendedContext.max(Decimal('3'), Decimal('2'))
Decimal('3')
>>> ExtendedContext.max(Decimal('-10'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('3')
>>> ExtendedContext.max(Decimal('1.0'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.max(Decimal('7'), Decimal('NaN'))
Decimal('7')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR " s c C s | i | d | S( s8 Compares the values numerically with their sign ignored.R ( R\ ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR\ 6 s c C s | i | d | S( s min compares two values numerically and returns the minimum.
If either operand is a NaN then the general rules apply.
Otherwise, the operands are compared as though by the compare
operation. If they are numerically equal then the left-hand operand
is chosen as the result. Otherwise the minimum (closer to negative
infinity) of the two operands is chosen as the result.
>>> ExtendedContext.min(Decimal('3'), Decimal('2'))
Decimal('2')
>>> ExtendedContext.min(Decimal('-10'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('-10')
>>> ExtendedContext.min(Decimal('1.0'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1.0')
>>> ExtendedContext.min(Decimal('7'), Decimal('NaN'))
Decimal('7')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR : s c C s | i | d | S( s8 Compares the values numerically with their sign ignored.R ( R] ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR] N s c C s | i d | S( s Minus corresponds to unary prefix minus in Python.
The operation is evaluated using the same rules as subtract; the
operation minus(a) is calculated as subtract('0', a) where the '0'
has the same exponent as the operand.
>>> ExtendedContext.minus(Decimal('1.3'))
Decimal('-1.3')
>>> ExtendedContext.minus(Decimal('-1.3'))
Decimal('1.3')
R ( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt minusR s c C s | i | d | S( s multiply multiplies two operands.
If either operand is a special value then the general rules apply.
Otherwise, the operands are multiplied together ('long multiplication'),
resulting in a number which may be as long as the sum of the lengths
of the two operands.
>>> ExtendedContext.multiply(Decimal('1.20'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('3.60')
>>> ExtendedContext.multiply(Decimal('7'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('21')
>>> ExtendedContext.multiply(Decimal('0.9'), Decimal('0.8'))
Decimal('0.72')
>>> ExtendedContext.multiply(Decimal('0.9'), Decimal('-0'))
Decimal('-0.0')
>>> ExtendedContext.multiply(Decimal('654321'), Decimal('654321'))
Decimal('4.28135971E+11')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt multiply` s c C s | i d | S( s Returns the largest representable number smaller than a.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> ExtendedContext.next_minus(Decimal('1'))
Decimal('0.999999999')
>>> c.next_minus(Decimal('1E-1007'))
Decimal('0E-1007')
>>> ExtendedContext.next_minus(Decimal('-1.00000003'))
Decimal('-1.00000004')
>>> c.next_minus(Decimal('Infinity'))
Decimal('9.99999999E+999')
R ( R` ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR` u s c C s | i d | S( s Returns the smallest representable number larger than a.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> ExtendedContext.next_plus(Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1.00000001')
>>> c.next_plus(Decimal('-1E-1007'))
Decimal('-0E-1007')
>>> ExtendedContext.next_plus(Decimal('-1.00000003'))
Decimal('-1.00000002')
>>> c.next_plus(Decimal('-Infinity'))
Decimal('-9.99999999E+999')
R ( Ra ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRa s c C s | i | d | S( s Returns the number closest to a, in direction towards b.
The result is the closest representable number from the first
operand (but not the first operand) that is in the direction
towards the second operand, unless the operands have the same
value.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> c.next_toward(Decimal('1'), Decimal('2'))
Decimal('1.00000001')
>>> c.next_toward(Decimal('-1E-1007'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('-0E-1007')
>>> c.next_toward(Decimal('-1.00000003'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('-1.00000002')
>>> c.next_toward(Decimal('1'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('0.999999999')
>>> c.next_toward(Decimal('1E-1007'), Decimal('-100'))
Decimal('0E-1007')
>>> c.next_toward(Decimal('-1.00000003'), Decimal('-10'))
Decimal('-1.00000004')
>>> c.next_toward(Decimal('0.00'), Decimal('-0.0000'))
Decimal('-0.00')
R ( Rc ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRc s c C s | i d | S( su normalize reduces an operand to its simplest form.
Essentially a plus operation with all trailing zeros removed from the
result.
>>> ExtendedContext.normalize(Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('2.1')
>>> ExtendedContext.normalize(Decimal('-2.0'))
Decimal('-2')
>>> ExtendedContext.normalize(Decimal('1.200'))
Decimal('1.2')
>>> ExtendedContext.normalize(Decimal('-120'))
Decimal('-1.2E+2')
>>> ExtendedContext.normalize(Decimal('120.00'))
Decimal('1.2E+2')
>>> ExtendedContext.normalize(Decimal('0.00'))
Decimal('0')
R ( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s | i d | S( s Returns an indication of the class of the operand.
The class is one of the following strings:
-sNaN
-NaN
-Infinity
-Normal
-Subnormal
-Zero
+Zero
+Subnormal
+Normal
+Infinity
>>> c = Context(ExtendedContext)
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('Infinity'))
'+Infinity'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('1E-10'))
'+Normal'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('2.50'))
'+Normal'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('0.1E-999'))
'+Subnormal'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('0'))
'+Zero'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('-0'))
'-Zero'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('-0.1E-999'))
'-Subnormal'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('-1E-10'))
'-Normal'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('-2.50'))
'-Normal'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('-Infinity'))
'-Infinity'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('NaN'))
'NaN'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('-NaN'))
'NaN'
>>> c.number_class(Decimal('sNaN'))
'sNaN'
R ( Re ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRe s -c C s | i d | S( s Plus corresponds to unary prefix plus in Python.
The operation is evaluated using the same rules as add; the
operation plus(a) is calculated as add('0', a) where the '0'
has the same exponent as the operand.
>>> ExtendedContext.plus(Decimal('1.3'))
Decimal('1.3')
>>> ExtendedContext.plus(Decimal('-1.3'))
Decimal('-1.3')
R ( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt plus s c C s | i | | d | S( s1
Raises a to the power of b, to modulo if given.
With two arguments, compute a**b. If a is negative then b
must be integral. The result will be inexact unless b is
integral and the result is finite and can be expressed exactly
in 'precision' digits.
With three arguments, compute (a**b) % modulo. For the
three argument form, the following restrictions on the
arguments hold:
- all three arguments must be integral
- b must be nonnegative
- at least one of a or b must be nonzero
- modulo must be nonzero and have at most 'precision' digits
The result of pow(a, b, modulo) is identical to the result
that would be obtained by computing (a**b) % modulo with
unbounded precision, but is computed more efficiently. It is
always exact.
>>> c = ExtendedContext.copy()
>>> c.Emin = -999
>>> c.Emax = 999
>>> c.power(Decimal('2'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('8')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-2'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('-8')
>>> c.power(Decimal('2'), Decimal('-3'))
Decimal('0.125')
>>> c.power(Decimal('1.7'), Decimal('8'))
Decimal('69.7575744')
>>> c.power(Decimal('10'), Decimal('0.301029996'))
Decimal('2.00000000')
>>> c.power(Decimal('Infinity'), Decimal('-1'))
Decimal('0')
>>> c.power(Decimal('Infinity'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('1')
>>> c.power(Decimal('Infinity'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('Infinity')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-Infinity'), Decimal('-1'))
Decimal('-0')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-Infinity'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('1')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-Infinity'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('-Infinity')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-Infinity'), Decimal('2'))
Decimal('Infinity')
>>> c.power(Decimal('0'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('NaN')
>>> c.power(Decimal('3'), Decimal('7'), Decimal('16'))
Decimal('11')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-3'), Decimal('7'), Decimal('16'))
Decimal('-11')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-3'), Decimal('8'), Decimal('16'))
Decimal('1')
>>> c.power(Decimal('3'), Decimal('7'), Decimal('-16'))
Decimal('11')
>>> c.power(Decimal('23E12345'), Decimal('67E189'), Decimal('123456789'))
Decimal('11729830')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-0'), Decimal('17'), Decimal('1729'))
Decimal('-0')
>>> c.power(Decimal('-23'), Decimal('0'), Decimal('65537'))
Decimal('1')
R ( R ( R R RW R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt power s Cc C s | i | d | S( sC Returns a value equal to 'a' (rounded), having the exponent of 'b'.
The coefficient of the result is derived from that of the left-hand
operand. It may be rounded using the current rounding setting (if the
exponent is being increased), multiplied by a positive power of ten (if
the exponent is being decreased), or is unchanged (if the exponent is
already equal to that of the right-hand operand).
Unlike other operations, if the length of the coefficient after the
quantize operation would be greater than precision then an Invalid
operation condition is raised. This guarantees that, unless there is
an error condition, the exponent of the result of a quantize is always
equal to that of the right-hand operand.
Also unlike other operations, quantize will never raise Underflow, even
if the result is subnormal and inexact.
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('2.17'), Decimal('0.001'))
Decimal('2.170')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('2.17'), Decimal('0.01'))
Decimal('2.17')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('2.17'), Decimal('0.1'))
Decimal('2.2')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('2.17'), Decimal('1e+0'))
Decimal('2')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('2.17'), Decimal('1e+1'))
Decimal('0E+1')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('-Inf'), Decimal('Infinity'))
Decimal('-Infinity')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('2'), Decimal('Infinity'))
Decimal('NaN')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('-0.1'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('-0')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('-0'), Decimal('1e+5'))
Decimal('-0E+5')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('+35236450.6'), Decimal('1e-2'))
Decimal('NaN')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('-35236450.6'), Decimal('1e-2'))
Decimal('NaN')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('217'), Decimal('1e-1'))
Decimal('217.0')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('217'), Decimal('1e-0'))
Decimal('217')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('217'), Decimal('1e+1'))
Decimal('2.2E+2')
>>> ExtendedContext.quantize(Decimal('217'), Decimal('1e+2'))
Decimal('2E+2')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR J s 1c C s
t d S( sk Just returns 10, as this is Decimal, :)
>>> ExtendedContext.radix()
Decimal('10')
i
( R ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRf } s c C s | i | d | S( s> Returns the remainder from integer division.
The result is the residue of the dividend after the operation of
calculating integer division as described for divide-integer, rounded
to precision digits if necessary. The sign of the result, if
non-zero, is the same as that of the original dividend.
This operation will fail under the same conditions as integer division
(that is, if integer division on the same two operands would fail, the
remainder cannot be calculated).
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder(Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('2.1')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder(Decimal('10'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder(Decimal('-10'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('-1')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder(Decimal('10.2'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('0.2')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder(Decimal('10'), Decimal('0.3'))
Decimal('0.1')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder(Decimal('3.6'), Decimal('1.3'))
Decimal('1.0')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s | i | d | S( s` Returns to be "a - b * n", where n is the integer nearest the exact
value of "x / b" (if two integers are equally near then the even one
is chosen). If the result is equal to 0 then its sign will be the
sign of a.
This operation will fail under the same conditions as integer division
(that is, if integer division on the same two operands would fail, the
remainder cannot be calculated).
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder_near(Decimal('2.1'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('-0.9')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder_near(Decimal('10'), Decimal('6'))
Decimal('-2')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder_near(Decimal('10'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder_near(Decimal('-10'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('-1')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder_near(Decimal('10.2'), Decimal('1'))
Decimal('0.2')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder_near(Decimal('10'), Decimal('0.3'))
Decimal('0.1')
>>> ExtendedContext.remainder_near(Decimal('3.6'), Decimal('1.3'))
Decimal('-0.3')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s | i | d | S( s[ Returns a rotated copy of a, b times.
The coefficient of the result is a rotated copy of the digits in
the coefficient of the first operand. The number of places of
rotation is taken from the absolute value of the second operand,
with the rotation being to the left if the second operand is
positive or to the right otherwise.
>>> ExtendedContext.rotate(Decimal('34'), Decimal('8'))
Decimal('400000003')
>>> ExtendedContext.rotate(Decimal('12'), Decimal('9'))
Decimal('12')
>>> ExtendedContext.rotate(Decimal('123456789'), Decimal('-2'))
Decimal('891234567')
>>> ExtendedContext.rotate(Decimal('123456789'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('123456789')
>>> ExtendedContext.rotate(Decimal('123456789'), Decimal('+2'))
Decimal('345678912')
R ( Rk ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRk s c C s
| i | S( s Returns True if the two operands have the same exponent.
The result is never affected by either the sign or the coefficient of
either operand.
>>> ExtendedContext.same_quantum(Decimal('2.17'), Decimal('0.001'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.same_quantum(Decimal('2.17'), Decimal('0.01'))
True
>>> ExtendedContext.same_quantum(Decimal('2.17'), Decimal('1'))
False
>>> ExtendedContext.same_quantum(Decimal('Inf'), Decimal('-Inf'))
True
( R" ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR" s c C s | i | d | S( s^ Returns the first operand after adding the second value its exp.
>>> ExtendedContext.scaleb(Decimal('7.50'), Decimal('-2'))
Decimal('0.0750')
>>> ExtendedContext.scaleb(Decimal('7.50'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('7.50')
>>> ExtendedContext.scaleb(Decimal('7.50'), Decimal('3'))
Decimal('7.50E+3')
R ( Ro ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRo s
c C s | i | d | S( s Returns a shifted copy of a, b times.
The coefficient of the result is a shifted copy of the digits
in the coefficient of the first operand. The number of places
to shift is taken from the absolute value of the second operand,
with the shift being to the left if the second operand is
positive or to the right otherwise. Digits shifted into the
coefficient are zeros.
>>> ExtendedContext.shift(Decimal('34'), Decimal('8'))
Decimal('400000000')
>>> ExtendedContext.shift(Decimal('12'), Decimal('9'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.shift(Decimal('123456789'), Decimal('-2'))
Decimal('1234567')
>>> ExtendedContext.shift(Decimal('123456789'), Decimal('0'))
Decimal('123456789')
>>> ExtendedContext.shift(Decimal('123456789'), Decimal('+2'))
Decimal('345678900')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s c C s | i d | S( sd Square root of a non-negative number to context precision.
If the result must be inexact, it is rounded using the round-half-even
algorithm.
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('0'))
Decimal('0')
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('-0'))
Decimal('-0')
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('0.39'))
Decimal('0.624499800')
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('100'))
Decimal('10')
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('1'))
Decimal('1')
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('1.0'))
Decimal('1.0')
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('1.00'))
Decimal('1.0')
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('7'))
Decimal('2.64575131')
>>> ExtendedContext.sqrt(Decimal('10'))
Decimal('3.16227766')
>>> ExtendedContext.prec
9
R ( R+ ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR+ s c C s | i | d | S( sT Return the difference between the two operands.
>>> ExtendedContext.subtract(Decimal('1.3'), Decimal('1.07'))
Decimal('0.23')
>>> ExtendedContext.subtract(Decimal('1.3'), Decimal('1.30'))
Decimal('0.00')
>>> ExtendedContext.subtract(Decimal('1.3'), Decimal('2.07'))
Decimal('-0.77')
R ( R ( R R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt subtract" s
c C s | i d | S( sy Converts a number to a string, using scientific notation.
The operation is not affected by the context.
R ( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR . s c C s | i d | S( sy Converts a number to a string, using scientific notation.
The operation is not affected by the context.
R ( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
to_sci_string5 s c C s | i d | S( sk Rounds to an integer.
When the operand has a negative exponent, the result is the same
as using the quantize() operation using the given operand as the
left-hand-operand, 1E+0 as the right-hand-operand, and the precision
of the operand as the precision setting; Inexact and Rounded flags
are allowed in this operation. The rounding mode is taken from the
context.
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_exact(Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('2')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_exact(Decimal('100'))
Decimal('100')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_exact(Decimal('100.0'))
Decimal('100')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_exact(Decimal('101.5'))
Decimal('102')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_exact(Decimal('-101.5'))
Decimal('-102')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_exact(Decimal('10E+5'))
Decimal('1.0E+6')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_exact(Decimal('7.89E+77'))
Decimal('7.89E+77')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_exact(Decimal('-Inf'))
Decimal('-Infinity')
R ( R& ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR& < s c C s | i d | S( sL Rounds to an integer.
When the operand has a negative exponent, the result is the same
as using the quantize() operation using the given operand as the
left-hand-operand, 1E+0 as the right-hand-operand, and the precision
of the operand as the precision setting, except that no flags will
be set. The rounding mode is taken from the context.
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_value(Decimal('2.1'))
Decimal('2')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_value(Decimal('100'))
Decimal('100')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_value(Decimal('100.0'))
Decimal('100')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_value(Decimal('101.5'))
Decimal('102')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_value(Decimal('-101.5'))
Decimal('-102')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_value(Decimal('10E+5'))
Decimal('1.0E+6')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_value(Decimal('7.89E+77'))
Decimal('7.89E+77')
>>> ExtendedContext.to_integral_value(Decimal('-Inf'))
Decimal('-Infinity')
R ( R ( R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR Y s N(Q R R! R" R@ R R R; R' R: Rt RU R^ R R R R R R( R R\ R R R0 R R1 R, R9 R R R R: R R R RJ R R= R> R! R R? Ru R@ Rt RA RB RI RL RM RX RZ R[ RY R R\ R R] R R R` Ra Rc R Re R R R Rf R R Rk R" Ro R R+ R R R R& R R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR U s "
/ E 3 R] c B s) e Z d Z d d Z d Z e Z RS( R- RG RJ c C s | d j o d | _ d | _ d | _ nf t | t o. | i | _ t | i | _ | i | _ n( | d | _ | d | _ | d | _ d S( Ni i i ( R@ R- RG RJ RQ R R% R& RC ( R Rg ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR ~ s
c C s d | i | i | i f S( Ns (%r, %r, %r)( R- RG RJ ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s ( s signs ints expN( R R! R R@ R R R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR] x s i c C s | i | i j o | } | } n
| } | } t t | i } t t | i } | i t d | | d } | | i d | j o d | _ | | _ n | i d | i | i 9_ | i | _ | | f S( sc Normalizes op1, op2 to have the same exp and length of coefficient.
Done during addition.
ii i i
( RJ RX RW RG R ( R R R3 t tmpRp t tmp_lent other_lenRJ ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s
i RE i R i t 2t 3t 4t 5t 6t 7t 8R1 R RW R) Rn R R c C sA | d j o t d n d | } d t | | | d S( s[ Number of bits in binary representation of the positive integer n,
or 0 if n == 0.
i s- The argument to _nbits should be nonnegative.s %xi ( R` RX ( R# t
correctiont hex_n( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s
c C sc | d j p
| d j o t d n d } x, | | j o | | | | d ?} } q3 W| S( s Closest integer to the square root of the positive integer n. a is
an initial approximation to the square root. Any positive integer
will do for a, but the closer a is to the square root of n the
faster convergence will be.
i s3 Both arguments to _sqrt_nearest should be positive.i ( R` ( R# R RW ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt
_sqrt_nearest s
c C s7 d | >| | ?} } | d | | d @| d @| j S( s Given an integer x and a nonnegative integer shift, return closest
integer to x / 2**shift; use round-to-even in case of a tie.
l i i ( ( R R RW R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _rshift_nearest s c C s/ t | | \ } } | d | | d @| j S( sa Closest integer to a/b, a and b positive integers; rounds to even
in the case of a tie.
i i ( R ( R RW R R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _div_nearest s i c C sH | | } d } x | | j o! t t | | | >| j p( | | j od t | | | ?| j oI t t | | d >| t | | t | | | } | d 7} q Wt d t t | d | } t | | } t | | } x> t | d d d D]& } t | | t | | | } q
Wt | | | S( s Integer approximation to M*log(x/M), with absolute error boundable
in terms only of x/M.
Given positive integers x and M, return an integer approximation to
M * log(x/M). For L = 8 and 0.1 <= x/M <= 10 the difference
between the approximation and the exact result is at most 22. For
L = 8 and 1.0 <= x/M <= 10.0 the difference is at most 15. In
both cases these are upper bounds on the error; it will usually be
much smaller.i i ii i( R[ R\ R R R RG RX RW R ( R t Mt LR t Rt Tt yshiftt wt k( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _ilog s
.('% $c
C s | d 7} t t | } | | | | d j } | d j o d | } | | | } | d j o | d | 9} n t | d | } t | | } t | } t | | | } | | } n d } t | d | } t | | d S( s Given integers c, e and p with c > 0, p >= 0, compute an integer
approximation to 10**p * log10(c*10**e), with an absolute error of
at most 1. Assumes that c*10**e is not exactly 1.i i i i
id ( RX RW R R t
_log10_digits(
R) R R R* R R R t log_dt log_10t log_tenpower( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRK s
c C s | d 7} t t | } | | | | d j } | d j oX | | | } | d j o | d | 9} n t | d | } t | d | } n d } | o\ t t t | d } | | d j o% t | t | | d | } qd } n d } t | | d S( s Given integers c, e and p with c > 0, compute an integer
approximation to 10**p * log(c*10**e), with an absolute error of
at most 1. Assumes that c*10**e is not exactly 1.i i i i
id ( RX RW R R R\ R ( R) R R R* R R R R t f_log_ten( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyRH 5 s"
%
t
_Log10Memoizec B s e Z d Z d Z d Z RS( s Class to compute, store, and allow retrieval of, digits of the
constant log(10) = 2.302585.... This constant is needed by
Decimal.ln, Decimal.log10, Decimal.exp and Decimal.__pow__.c C s
d | _ d S( Nt/ 23025850929940456840179914546843642076011014886( Rk ( R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR e s c C s | d j o t d n | t | i j o d } xe t o] d | | d } t t t d | | d } | | d | j o Pn | d 7} q< W| i d d | _ n t | i | d S(
st Given an integer p >= 0, return floor(10**p)*log(10).
For example, self.getdigits(3) returns 2302.
i s p should be nonnegativei i
i id RE ii ( R` RX Rk R' RW R R R RG ( R R R R Rk ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt getdigitsh s
"( R R! R" R R ( ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR a s c C s t t | | >| } t d t t | d | } t | | } t | | >} x9 t | d d d D]! } t | | | | | } qu WxI t | d d d D]1 } t | | d >} t | | | | } q W| | S( s Given integers x and M, M > 0, such that x/M is small in absolute
value, compute an integer approximation to M*exp(x/M). For 0 <=
x/M <= 2.4, the absolute error in the result is bounded by 60 (and
is usually much smaller).ii i i ii ( R R[ RG RX RW R R ( R R R R R R t MshiftR R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyt _iexp s % c C s | d 7} t d | t t | d } | | } | | } | d j o | d | } n | d | } t | t | \ } } t | d | } t t | d | d | | d f S( s Compute an approximation to exp(c*10**e), with p decimal places of
precision.
Returns integers d, f such that:
10**(p-1) <= d <= 10**p, and
(d-1)*10**f < exp(c*10**e) < (d+1)*10**f
In other words, d*10**f is an approximation to exp(c*10**e) with p
digits of precision, and with an error in d of at most 1. This is
almost, but not quite, the same as the error being < 1ulp: when d
= 10**(p-1) the error could be up to 10 ulp.i i i i
i i ( R RX RW R R R R ( R) R R R R R t cshiftt quotR ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR; s
#
c C s0 t t t | | } t | | | | d } | | } | d j o | | d | } n t | | d | } | d j od t t | | d j | d j j o! d | d d d | } }
q&d | d | } }
n; t | | d | d \ } }
t | d } |
d 7}
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f S( s5 Given integers xc, xe, yc and ye representing Decimals x = xc*10**xe and
y = yc*10**ye, compute x**y. Returns a pair of integers (c, e) such that:
10**(p-1) <= c <= 10**p, and
(c-1)*10**e < x**y < (c+1)*10**e
in other words, c*10**e is an approximation to x**y with p digits
of precision, and with an error in c of at most 1. (This is
almost, but not quite, the same as the error being < 1ulp: when c
== 10**(p-1) we can only guarantee error < 10ulp.)
We assume that: x is positive and not equal to 1, and y is nonzero.
i i i
( RX RW R\ RH R R; ( R R R R R RW t lxcR t pcR RJ ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR
s
)!!
id iF i5 i( i i i i
i c C sC | d j o t d n t | } d t | | | d S( s@ Compute a lower bound for 100*log10(c) for a positive integer c.i s0 The argument to _log10_lb should be nonnegative.id ( R` RW RX ( R) R t str_c( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s
c C sU t | t o | St | t t f o t | S| o t d | n t S( s] Convert other to Decimal.
Verifies that it's ok to use in an implicit construction.
s Unable to convert %s to Decimal( RQ R RG R[ Re R ( Rp R ( ( s /usr/lib/python2.6/decimal.pyR s R3 i R2 R R R4 iɚ;R i6eR i s # A numeric string consists of:
# \s*
(?P[-+])? # an optional sign, followed by either...
(
(?=\d|\.\d) # ...a number (with at least one digit)
(?P\d*) # having a (possibly empty) integer part
(\.(?P\d*))? # followed by an optional fractional part
(E(?P[-+]?\d+))? # followed by an optional exponent, or...
|
Inf(inity)? # ...an infinity, or...
|
(?Ps)? # ...an (optionally signaling)
NaN # NaN
(?P\d*) # with (possibly empty) diagnostic info.
)
# \s*
\Z
s 0*$s 50*$s \A
(?:
(?P.)?
(?P[<>=^])
)?
(?P[-+ ])?
(?P0)?
(?P(?!0)\d+)?
(?:\.(?P0|(?!0)\d+))?
(?P[eEfFgG%])?
\Z
c C s t i | } | d j o t d | n | i } | d } | d } | i d d j ol | d j o! | d j o t d | n | d j o! | d j o t d | n d } d } n | p d | d <| p d
| d <| d d j o d | d ', '=' or '^'
sign: either '+', '-' or ' '
minimumwidth: nonnegative integer giving minimum width
precision: nonnegative integer giving precision, or None
type: one of the characters 'eEfFgG%', or None
unicode: either True or False (always True for Python 3.x)
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